Seedling material

  • Good quality and healthy material is key to the success of fruit production.
  • When selecting seedlings pay attention to uniformity, regularity of the type, health condition, seedling development, especially root.
  • It is possible to use biennial and perennial seedlings in order to increase plantation, which in turn results in early yielding process.

Hazelnut fruit

Hazelnut contents

Hazelnuts have almost zero carbohydrates, so according to dietitians, hazelnut is an excellent choice when dieting. Raw hazelnuts contain 5, 3% water, while around 88% fats in it are unsaturated. It is an extremely healthy food when used in moderation since it influences a decrease of triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and also reduces inflammation. It is also famous for improving the functioning of cardiovascular tract and nervous system. Additionally, it contains lipotropic matter: methionine, choline and lecithin. Hazelnuts are rich in minerals, magnesium, copper, potassium, and also fiber.

Fats taken when eating hazelnuts are more resilient since they can hardly go rancid. The majority in a 100 g hazelnuts goes on fats, around 61 g. It especially applies to monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, mostly Omega-3 and Omega-9 fatty acids, with 7,9 g on 100 g. They have a pleasant taste and the organism absorbs them easily.

Hazelnut is a very good source of dietary fiber, so that 100 g of hazelnut contains 10 g of fiber, which constitutes 39% of reference daily intake.

Proteins are also an integral part of hazelnuts. Hundred grams of hazelnut contain 15 g of protein, which is 30% of reference daily intake for an average person.

Hazelnuts contain considerable amounts of minerals – manganese, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, iron and iodine. They are also rich in vitamins E, B and folic acid.

Medicinal properties of hazelnuts

Apart from considerable amount of unsaturated fatty acids, and minerals and vitamins, hazelnuts are also rich in phytosterols. Phytosterols are biologically active steroid alcohols of plant origin. They are valued for their ability to prevent cardiovascular disease and tumors.

Oleic fatty acid is another extraordinary healthy nutrient found in hazelnuts. Oleic acid may have hypotensive (blood pressure reducing) effects, and can prevent cardiac arrest and stroke. Another significant characteristic of this fatty acid is its effect on brain activity and memory. Research has shown that regular intake of oleic fatty acid can considerably improve memory.

Omega-3 and Omega-9 fatty acids are well-known fatty acids with numerous benefits on health, which is why many experts recommend its regular consumption.

Owing to a high amount of vitamin E, hazelnuts are very good antioxidants which help fight against free radicals, slow down the signs of aging and boost immune system.

It is interesting that hazelnuts are unique in that they contain a significant amount of folic acid which is integral for a baby‘s development during pregnancy.

Tonda Gentile Romana

  • Originated in Italy.
  • Medium late ripening time – at the end of VIII or the beginning of IX.
  • Shrub is of medium thickness. It flowers medium late and is approximately homogamous.
  • It is resilient to hazelnut mites.
  • It produces excellent yield.
  • Nut size is medium large to large (2,5-3 g), globular shape.
  • Ripe nuts easily fall out of the husk. It has a high yield (around 45%). The kernel of the seed is medium large, good quality.

Tonda di Giffoni

  • Medium late ripening time (end of August – beginning of September).
  • Protandric flowering – male catkins open first.
  • Good yield in warm regions.
  • Nut size is medium large, globular (around 2,4 g).
  • Number of nuts in a cluster is on average 2,8.
  • Kernel yield around 46%.

Tonda Gentile delle Langhe

  • Early ripening time (middle of August).
  • Forms many shoots.
  • Medium yield.
  • Nut of small size (around 2,3 g).
  • Number of nuts in a cluster is on average 2,9.
  • Kernel yield is around 47%.

Mortarela

  • Medium thickness.
  • Good yield.
  • Flower opening early and has significant homogamy. Early ripening time.
  • Resilient to low temperatures, so it is recommendable for cultivation in regions with low temperatures.
  • Medium large nut 2,2 g.
  • Yield around 45%.

Successful production of hazelnut depends on the correct selection of cultivars much more than with other fruits, since hazelnut shrub is mostly cross-pollinating plant, with only a small number of cultivars capable of self-pollination.